Bionanocomposites: Technique towards Enhancement of Solubility, Drug Release and Bioavailability

Abstract

According to Biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS) of drugs are categorized on the basis of their solubility parameter and rate of dissolution of various drugs with their bioavailability in human body, and it was found that BCS class –II drug has poor aqueous solubility and affects its release, as the aqueous surroundings in GI tract greatly influences the drug release, particularly it affects the bioavailability of drug. The Bionanocomposite is the type of biohybrid materials or biopolymers fused in combination of two or more different compounds by using natural or bio carriers. Bionanocomposite widely used in drug design and development of innovation for various pharmaceutical drugs, new dosage forms and in clinical pharmacology. The present review mainly focusing on the simple and convenient method of preparation of bionanocomposite with the help of Microwave irradiation method by using natural/bio carriers such as acacia, gelatin, cassia and ghatti gum etc. to enhance the solubility of poorly water soluble BCS Class –II Drugs and improved its rate of dissolution for such drug entities which affects the bioavailability. Prepared bionanocomposite can be characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, X-Ray Diffraction Studies and transmission Electron Microscopy. Further, this review mainly highlights the application and future prospective use of Bionanocomposite, which will help in formulation of drug with improved bioavailability.