Bacterial Resistance Mechanism against Oxidative Stress

Abstract

From the last decades, oxidative stress has been one of the revolutionary subjects among the biological researcher in whole world. It is an imbalance mechanism between peroxidants and antioxidants in the body. Several reason can be assigns for its importance; knowledge about reproduction and metabolism of the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Several bacteria mutant have allowed the demonstrations of variety of critical gene for enzymatic defense and DNA repair as well as an oxyR regulon system. At a certain steady state level of reactive oxygen species are continuously produced and eliminated by microorganism normally maintaining ROS. Regulation of membrane permeability and antioxidant potential are two principle mechanism used by bacteria to protect against oxidative stress. Microorganism continuously deal with stress situation such stress may include change environment pH, temperature, humidity etc., a wide variety of environment stimulate including nutritional stress, chemicals stress and radiation. Surviving in adverse condition bacteria have developed sensory system that facilitate to change in the environment condition.